Biodiversity offers multiple opportunities for development and improving human well-being. It is the basis for essential environmental services upon which life on Earth depends. Thus, its conservation and sustainable use are of critical importance. Nepal consists of more than 5,000 species of flowering plants, 181 species of mammals, 844 species of birds, 185 species of fishes, about 635 species of butterflies and more than 2252 moths. Many active efforts for the conservation of bio-diversity started about 35 years ago. Nowadays, many efforts have been applied for the conservation of biodiversity. The various efforts include protected areas, zoo, different types of law, conventions, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), local and national authorities, national and international organizations, etc. Among them the protected areas is main. The protected areas conserve the biological things in their original place which is called in situ conservation. The protected areas has covered 26,695 km. square (18.32%) of the total area of Nepal. The National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1973 provides the legal basis for the management of protected areas. The protected areas include nine national parks, three wildlife reserves, one hunting reserve, three conservation areas and six buffer zones.